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The nine-volt battery, or 9-volt battery, in its most common form was introduced for the early transistor radios. It has a rectangular prism shape with rounded edges and a polarized snap connector at the top. This type is commonly used in walkie talkies, clocks and smoke detectors. They are also used as backup power to keep the time in certain electronic clocks. This format is commonly available in primary carbon-zinc and alkaline chemistry, in primary lithium iron disulfide, and in rechargeable form in nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride and lithium-ion. Mercury oxide batteries in this form have not been manufactured in many years due to their mercury content. This type is designated NEDA 1604, IEC 6F22 and "Ever Ready" type PP3 (zinc-carbon) or MN1604〔Duracell Catalogue or IEC〕 6LR61 (alkaline). Most nine-volt alkaline batteries are constructed of six individual 1.5V LR61 cells enclosed in a wrapper.〔IEC 60086-2-2011 §7.6.1.12〕 These cells are slightly smaller than LR8D425 AAAA cells and can be used in their place for some devices, even though they are 3.5 mm shorter. Carbon-zinc types are made with six flat cells in a stack, enclosed in a moisture-resistant wrapper to prevent drying. As of 2007, 9-volt batteries accounted for 4% of alkaline primary battery sales in the US. In Switzerland as of 2008, 9-volt batteries totalled 2% of primary battery sales and 2% of secondary battery sales.〔(Life Cycle Impacts of Alkaline Batteries with a Focus on End-of-Life - EPBA-EU )〕〔() INOBAT 2008 statistics.〕 Other nine-volt batteries of different sizes exist, such as the British "Ever Ready" PP series and certain lantern batteries. ==Connectors== The battery has both terminals in a snap connector on one end. The smaller circular (male) terminal is positive, and the larger hexagonal or octagonal (female) terminal is the negative contact. The connectors on the battery are the same as on the connector itself; the smaller one connects to the larger one and vice versa.〔IEC 60086-2-2011 §7.6.1.12〕 The same snap style connector is used on other battery types in the Power Pack (PP) series. Battery polarization is normally obvious since mechanical connection is usually only possible in one configuration. A problem with this style of connector is that it is very easy to connect two batteries together in a short circuit, which quickly discharges both batteries, generating heat and possibly a fire.〔(9-volt Battery Safety ), NFPA, retrieved 13 May 2014〕 An advantage is that several nine-volt batteries can be connected to each other in series to provide higher voltages. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nine-volt battery」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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